Buffer Prep
Media Prep
Centrifuge
PCR Master Mix
Serial Dilution
Gel Electrophoresis
Autoclave
Freeze-Thaw
Wash Protocol
Interactive calculators for buffer prep, media prep, centrifugation, PCR, serial dilution, gel electrophoresis, autoclaving, freeze-thaw tracking, and wash protocols
| Buffer | pKa | pH Range | Default pH |
|---|---|---|---|
| PBS | 7.20 | 6.8β8.0 | 7.4 |
| Tris-HCl | 8.06 | 7.0β9.0 | 7.5 |
| TBS | 8.06 | 7.0β9.0 | 7.6 |
| HEPES | 7.48 | 6.8β8.2 | 7.4 |
| MES | 6.15 | 5.5β6.7 | 6.0 |
| MOPS | 7.20 | 6.5β7.9 | 7.0 |
| Media | Powder (g/L) | NaHCOβ (g/L) | Osmolality |
|---|---|---|---|
| DMEM | 13.4 | 3.7 | 330 mOsm |
| RPMI 1640 | 10.4 | 2.0 | 290 mOsm |
| MEM | 9.6 | 2.2 | 290 mOsm |
| Ham's F-12 | 10.6 | 1.176 | 300 mOsm |
| DMEM/F-12 | 12.0 | 2.438 | 310 mOsm |
| L-15 | 13.8 | 0 | 320 mOsm |
| Polymerase | Fidelity | Extension | Hot Start |
|---|---|---|---|
| Taq | 1Γ | 1 min/kb | No |
| Phusion | 50Γ | 15β30 s/kb | Yes |
| Q5 | 280Γ | 20β30 s/kb | Yes |
| KAPA HiFi | 100Γ | 15β30 s/kb | Yes |
| Cycle | Temp | Pressure | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gravity | β₯121Β°C | β₯15 psi | 30β60 min |
| Pre-Vacuum | β₯132Β°C | β₯27 psi | 4β18 min |
| Liquid | β₯121Β°C | β₯15 psi | 30β60 min |
| Flash | β₯132Β°C | β₯27 psi | 3β10 min |
| Cell Type | Loss/Cycle | Max Cycles | Warning |
|---|---|---|---|
| MSC | 5.0% | 5 | <70% |
| iPSC | 8.0% | 3 | <75% |
| HEK293 | 3.0% | 8 | <60% |
| CHO | 3.5% | 7 | <60% |
| Fibroblast | 4.0% | 6 | <65% |
| Hepatocyte | 7.0% | 4 | <70% |
| Neuron | 9.0% | 3 | <75% |
| Chondrocyte | 5.5% | 5 | <68% |
| Material | Wash Solution | Temp | Cycles |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alginate/CaClβ | DPBS | 37Β°C | 2β8 |
| GelMA | Warm DPBS | 37Β°C | 3β10 |
| Collagen/NaOH | PBS pH 7.4 | 25Β°C | 3β10 |
| Fibrin/Thrombin | Serum-free media | 37Β°C | 2β6 |
| PEG-DA UV | DPBS | 37Β°C | 3β8 |
| Agarose | PBS | 25Β°C | 2β6 |
| Silk/Methanol | DI Water | 25Β°C | 4β12 |